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Changes in Self-Definition Impede Recovery From Rejection.

Lauren C Howe1, Carol S Dweck2

  • 1Stanford University, CA, USA Lchowe@stanford.edu.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
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PubMed
Summary

Believing personality is fixed can worsen rejection recovery. Changing self-definition after rejection leads to lasting negative emotions and fear of future rejection.

Keywords:
implicit person theoriesrecoveryrejectionself-theories

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Emotional recovery after rejection is well-researched.
  • Factors preventing full recovery from rejection are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how self-definition changes in response to rejection impact recovery.
  • To examine the role of entity theory of personality in this process.

Main Methods:

  • Five studies were conducted.
  • Participants reflected on past rejections or imagined future rejection experiences.
  • Self-definitions and post-rejection recovery were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Individuals endorsing an entity theory of personality altered their self-definitions following rejection.
  • These self-definition changes hindered post-rejection recovery.
  • Participants experienced lingering negative affect and fear of future rejection.

Conclusions:

  • Tying rejection experiences to one's core self-definition, particularly under an entity theory, prolongs rejection's negative impact.
  • Beliefs about personality immutability exacerbate the effects of social rejection.
  • Interventions could focus on challenging fixed self-definitions post-rejection.