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Circularization restores signal recognition particle RNA functionality in Thermoproteus.

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In Thermoproteus, a permuted signal recognition particle (SRP) RNA gene forms circular molecules. This circular SRP RNA is functional and stabilized by tRNA splicing machinery.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Signal recognition particles (SRPs) are essential ribonucleoprotein complexes for protein transport in all life domains.
  • SRPs comprise SRP proteins and a structured SRP RNA.
  • Canonical SRP RNA genes are absent in some Thermoproteus species despite the presence of SRP proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the mechanism behind SRP RNA gene identification in Thermoproteus species lacking canonical genes.
  • Determine the structure and function of SRP RNA in Thermoproteus.
  • Explore the role of genome rearrangement in SRP RNA gene organization.

Main Methods:

  • Genome analysis to identify gene rearrangements.
  • RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to analyze gene expression and RNA structure.
  • Biochemical assays to assess RNA-protein binding and circularization.

Main Results:

  • A permuted SRP RNA gene was identified in Thermoproteus tenax due to genome rearrangement.
  • The 5' and 3' termini of the permuted SRP RNA gene ligate to form circular SRP RNA.
  • Circular SRP RNA molecules successfully bind SRP19 and SRP54 proteins.
  • The tRNA splicing endonuclease processes the circularization site, indicating a moonlighting function.

Conclusions:

  • Genome rearrangement in Thermoproteus creates a unique, permuted SRP RNA gene.
  • The tRNA splicing machinery enables the formation of functional circular SRP RNA.
  • This circularization generates stable and active SRP RNA molecules, essential for protein targeting.