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Related Concept Videos

Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

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The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA...
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Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

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The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...
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Operon Model01:23

Operon Model

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The operon model represents a fundamental mechanism of gene regulation in prokaryotes, enabling coordinated expression of genes involved in related metabolic or functional pathways. Operons consist of structural genes, a promoter, and an operator, with transcription regulated by repressors, activators, and small effector molecules.Structure and Function of OperonsAn operon is a cluster of structural genes transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. The promoter region...
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Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

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Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
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Operons02:09

Operons

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Prokaryotes can control gene expression through operons—DNA sequences consisting of regulatory elements and clustered, functionally related protein-coding genes. Operons use a single promoter sequence to initiate transcription of a gene cluster (i.e., a group of structural genes) into a single mRNA molecule. The terminator sequence ends transcription. An operator sequence, located between the promoter and structural genes, prohibits the operon’s transcriptional activity if bound by...
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Production of Pharmaceuticals01:30

Production of Pharmaceuticals

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Industrial insulin production uses genetically engineered E. coli expressing a proinsulin gene controlled by a tryptophan promoter and containing a methionine linker for later cleavage. The cells also carry ampicillin resistance for selective growth. Seed cultures are stored at −80 °C and production begins by thawing a small amount to inoculate starter cultures, which are progressively scaled to a 50,000-L bioreactor. In the bioreactor, E. coli grow in nutrient-rich media under...
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Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling
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Inducible gene expression system by 3-hydroxypropionic acid.

Shengfang Zhou1,2, Satish Kumar Ainala1, Eunhee Seol1

  • 1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, San 30 Jangeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 609-735 Republic of Korea.

Biotechnology for Biofuels
|October 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered unique 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) inducible gene expression systems in Pseudomonas denitrificans. These systems, regulated by LysR, can control gene expression for optimizing 3-HP production.

Keywords:
3-Hydroxypropionic acidInducibleLysRhbdHhpdHmmsA

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a crucial platform chemical with diverse industrial uses.
  • Developing 3-HP-inducible gene expression systems is vital for enhancing 3-HP production and excretion pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel inducible gene expression systems responsive to 3-HP.
  • To understand the regulatory mechanisms governing 3-HP-induced gene expression in microorganisms.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated gene expression in Pseudomonas denitrificans and other microorganisms.
  • Utilized transcriptional regulator analysis (LysR) and cis-acting regulatory site identification.
  • Performed molecular docking studies to determine ligand-binding interactions.

Main Results:

  • Identified unique 3-HP-inducible gene expression systems in P. denitrificans and other microbes.
  • Demonstrated that LysR acts as a transcriptional regulator upregulating 3-HP degradation genes (hpdH, mmsA, hbdH-4) in response to 3-HP.
  • Discovered the 3-HP binding pocket within the LysR protein, located between specific structural domains.

Conclusions:

  • The identified LysR-regulated 3-HP-inducible system offers a valuable tool for controlling gene expression.
  • This system has potential applications in optimizing metabolic pathways for 3-HP production.