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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Optimization of the Retinal Vein Occlusion Mouse Model to Limit Variability

Optimization of the Retinal Vein Occlusion Mouse Model to Limit Variability

Published on: August 6, 2021

Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Osamu Sawada, Masahito Ohji

Developments in Ophthalmology

|October 27, 2015

Summary

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are now the primary treatment for macular edema in retinal vein occlusion (RVO), significantly improving vision in both central (CRVO) and branch (BRVO) cases.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Retinal Diseases
Vascular Disorders

Background:

Macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) historically involved observation or laser photocoagulation.
Treatment paradigms have shifted towards intravitreal injections.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-inflammatory agents in treating macular edema in central RVO (CRVO) and branch RVO (BRVO).

Main Methods:

Review of studies comparing anti-VEGF therapies (ranibizumab, bevacizumab, aflibercept) and anti-inflammatory agents (triamcinolone) against standard care for CRVO and BRVO.
Analysis of visual acuity outcomes and adverse events over 12 months and long-term follow-up.

Main Results:

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Last Updated: Mar 31, 2026

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In Vivo Vascular Injury Readouts in Mouse Retina to Promote Reproducibility

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Anti-VEGF agents improved best-corrected visual acuity by 13.9–16.2 letters in CRVO and 15.5–18.3 letters in BRVO after 12 months.
Anti-inflammatory agents stabilized visual acuity in CRVO but were associated with increased intraocular pressure and cataracts.
Reduced follow-up and fewer retreatments led to worsening visual acuity in CRVO.
No significant difference was found between standard care and triamcinolone in BRVO, with frequent adverse events in the triamcinolone group.

Conclusions:

Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy is the primary and effective treatment for macular edema in both CRVO and BRVO, yielding significant visual improvements.
Maintaining good vision with anti-VEGF therapy necessitates frequent monitoring and repeated intravitreal injections.
Anti-inflammatory agents offer stabilization but carry risks of increased intraocular pressure and cataract progression.