Genetic studies in intellectual disability and related disorders
Lisenka E L M Vissers1, Christian Gilissen1, Joris A Veltman1,2
1Department of Human Genetics, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Genetic factors play a major part in intellectual disability (ID), but genetic studies have been complicated for a long time by the extreme clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Recently, progress has been made using different next-generation sequencing approaches in combination with new functional readout systems. This approach has provided novel insights into the biological pathways underlying ID, improved the diagnostic process and offered new targets for therapy. In this Review, we highlight the insights obtained from recent studies on the role of genetics in ID and its impact on diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. We also discuss the future directions of genetics research for ID and related neurodevelopmental disorders.
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