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Lithium Disilicate Restorations Fatigue Testing Parameters: A Systematic Review.

Noor Nawafleh¹, Muhanad Hatamleh², Shareen Elshiyab¹

¹School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.

Journal of Prosthodontics : Official Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists

|October 28, 2015

Summary

This review found that laboratory studies on lithium disilicate (LD) crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) lack standardized testing, leading to inconsistent fatigue resistance results. International standardization is needed for reliable data.

Keywords:

Cyclic loading chewing simulator laboratory simulation testing parameters thermocycling

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Area of Science:

Dental Materials Science
Biomaterials Engineering
Restorative Dentistry

Background:

Lithium disilicate (LD) is a widely used ceramic material for dental restorations.
Assessing the fatigue resistance of LD crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) is crucial for clinical longevity.
In vitro laboratory studies are essential for evaluating material performance under simulated oral conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review laboratory studies investigating the fatigue resistance of lithium disilicate (LD) restorations.
To analyze the study designs and testing parameters employed in these investigations.
To identify inconsistencies and propose improvements for future research.

Main Methods:

An extensive electronic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid databases.
Keywords included 'lithium disilicate,' 'e.max,' 'all-ceramic,' 'fatigue,' 'cyclic loading,' 'chewing simulator,' and 'crowns/FDPs.'
Studies published in English from 1998 to June 2014 with clearly defined mechanical and thermal loading parameters were included after title, abstract, and full-text screening.

Main Results:

The initial search yielded 1044 studies, with 19 articles ultimately meeting the inclusion criteria.
Significant heterogeneity was observed in the testing parameters and setups across the reviewed studies.
Inconsistencies in reported fatigue resistance results were attributed to the lack of standardized testing protocols.

Conclusions:

The variability in testing parameters, particularly load magnitude and cycle count, hinders direct comparison between studies.
A lack of standardization in fatigue testing for dental restorations leads to unreliable and incomparable data.
There is an urgent need for international standardization of fatigue testing methodologies to ensure consistent and indicative results for dental materials.