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The effect of immunization with pneumococcal conjugated vaccines on Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance patterns in

Tal Marom1, Elad Avraham2, Udi Cinamon1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Holon, Israel.

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection = Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi
|October 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) reduced penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) in young children with severe acute otitis media (AOM). Vaccinated children showed more susceptible and less multi-drug resistant Sp isolates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) is a primary cause of AOM.
  • Antibiotic resistance in Sp poses a significant public health challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on the antibiotic susceptibility of Sp isolates from children with severe AOM.
  • To assess changes in multi-drug resistant Sp prevalence post-PCV introduction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of middle ear fluid cultures from young children diagnosed with severe AOM.
  • Comparison of Sp isolate characteristics (penicillin susceptibility, multi-drug resistance) between vaccinated and unvaccinated children.
  • Retrospective study design following PCV implementation in Israel.

Main Results:

  • PCV-immunized children had a higher proportion of penicillin-susceptible Sp isolates compared to unvaccinated children.
  • A lower prevalence of multi-drug resistant Sp isolates was observed in children who received PCVs.
  • The findings indicate a shift towards more susceptible Sp strains in vaccinated populations.

Conclusions:

  • PCV introduction in Israel has led to a favorable change in the Sp population causing severe AOM in young children.
  • Vaccination with PCVs is associated with reduced antibiotic resistance in Sp, a critical factor in AOM management.
  • These results underscore the public health benefits of PCV programs in combating antibiotic resistance.

Keywords:
Streptococcus pneumoniaeacute otitis mediaantibiotic resistancepneumococcal conjugate vaccine

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