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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

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Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
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Running and tumbling with E. coli in polymeric solutions.

A E Patteson1, A Gopinath1,2, M Goulian3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering &Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.

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|October 29, 2015
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Polymeric solutions alter bacterial motility. Escherichia coli (E. coli) tumble less and swim faster in these fluids, enhancing their transport. Fluid properties control cell movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Microorganisms like E. coli use run-and-tumble motility for navigation.
  • Understanding how external factors affect this motility is crucial for predicting microbial transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of polymeric solutions on E. coli run-and-tumble dynamics.
  • To elucidate the roles of fluid viscosity and elasticity in modulating bacterial movement.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of E. coli in various polymeric solutions.
  • Analysis of cell velocity, tumbling frequency, and diffusion coefficients.
  • Visualization of DNA polymer stretching by bacterial flow.

Main Results:

  • Polymeric solutions significantly alter E. coli dynamics, reducing tumbling and increasing swimming speed.
  • Fluid viscosity suppresses tumbling, while elasticity enhances swimming velocity.
  • Bacterial flow stretches DNA polymers, creating elastic stresses that enhance cell transport.

Conclusions:

  • Fluid material properties, specifically viscosity and elasticity, independently control bacterial transport.
  • Polymer-induced elastic stresses can enhance the motility and spread of chemotactic cells.
  • This work offers insights into controlling microbial behavior through engineered fluid environments.