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Updated: Mar 31, 2026

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
Published on: April 28, 2016
Plasma total and unacylated ghrelin predict 5-year changes in insulin resistance
R Barazzoni1, G Gortan Cappellari1, A Semolic1
1Internal Medicine, Dept of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Background & Aims:
Ghrelin is a gastric hormone circulating in acylated (AG) and unacylated (UG) forms, and higher plasma total ghrelin (TG) and UG may be cross-sectionally associated with lower insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients. The potential value of ghrelin forms in predicting insulin resistance and its time-related changes in community-based population cohorts remains unknown.
Methods:
We measured TG, AG and calculated UG (TG-AG) in 716 individuals from the North-East-Italy MoMa study (age: 55 ± 9 years, BMI: 29 ± 5 kg/m(2), M/F:349/367) to test the hypothesis that circulating TG and UG, but not AG are negatively associated with insulin resistance (HOMA). We further hypothesized that baseline TG and UG negatively predict 5-year HOMA changes in a 350-individual subgroup.
Results:
Baseline TG and UG were associated negatively with HOMA after adjusting for gender and body mass index (BMI). Baseline gender- and BMI-adjusted TG and UG were also negatively associated with HOMA at 5-year follow-up (n = 350), and changes in TG and UG were negatively associated with changes in HOMA (P < 0.05) after adjustment for anthropometric and metabolic confounders. No statistically significant correlations were observed between AG and baseline or 5-year HOMA.
Conclusions:
In a North-East Italy community-based population cohort, plasma TG and UG but not AG are negatively associated with HOMA. TG and UG and their changes also independently predict 5-year HOMA changes. TG and UG are therefore novel potential modulators of insulin resistance and may contribute to predict its time-related changes in humans.
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