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Aging in the Canine Kidney

R E Cianciolo1, S L Benali2, L Aresu2

  • 1Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA cianciolo.14@osu.edu.

Veterinary Pathology
|October 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Kidney aging shares similarities in humans and dogs, with common lesions like glomerulosclerosis. Further research using advanced diagnostics is needed to fully understand age-associated canine kidney changes and identify new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Nephrology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Kidney aging is critical due to irreversible nephron loss.
  • Aged human and canine kidneys exhibit similar histologic lesions, including glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular atrophy.
  • Limited advanced diagnostic studies (TEM, immunofluorescence) exist for aged healthy canine kidneys, leaving podocyte and glomerular basement membrane changes poorly characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the similarities in age-associated kidney lesions between humans and canines.
  • To emphasize the need for advanced diagnostic examination of aged canine renal tissue.
  • To discuss the relevance of rodent models and molecular pathways in understanding renal aging.

Main Methods:

  • Histologic examination of aged human and canine kidneys.
  • Review of existing literature on age-associated renal disease in humans, canines, rats, and mice.
  • Discussion of advanced diagnostic techniques like transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence.
  • Mention of transcriptomic, proteomic, and genetic analyses in rodent models.

Main Results:

  • Histologic similarities observed in aged human and canine kidneys.
  • Documented age-associated decrease in glomerular filtration rate in humans and dogs.
  • Rodent models provide insights into renal aging pathogenesis despite some species-specific differences.
  • Identification of novel molecules and cellular aging pathways (telomere shortening, senescence, autophagy) implicated in renal aging.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding canine kidney aging is vital for diagnostic and toxicologic pathology.
  • Advanced diagnostics are crucial for characterizing age-associated changes in canine podocytes and glomerular basement membranes.
  • Novel molecular targets and cellular aging pathways offer potential for therapeutic interventions and diagnostic biomarkers for renal aging.
Keywords:
clinical pathologydegenerativedogmolecular biologyurinary

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