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Obstructive sleep apnea: management considerations in psychiatric patients
1Pharmacy Department, University of Alberta Hospital, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|October 29, 2015
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in psychiatric disorders. Managing these conditions together is complex, as some psychiatric medications may worsen OSA. Continuous positive airway pressure remains the primary treatment for OSA in patients with mental illness.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine and Psychiatry
- Pharmacotherapy and Sleep Disorders
Background:
- High comorbidity exists between psychiatric disorders and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
- Limited data exists on psychotropic medication effects on OSA and OSA treatment in psychiatric patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To overview epidemiological aspects of OSA in psychiatric patients.
- To discuss treatment considerations for OSA in individuals with comorbid psychiatric disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature search using predefined keywords in electronic databases.
- Review of epidemiological data and treatment challenges.
Main Results:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent in patients with psychiatric disorders.
- Psychiatric medications can potentially exacerbate OSA symptoms.
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the recommended first-line OSA treatment, even with psychiatric comorbidity.
Conclusions:
- Management of comorbid OSA and psychiatric disorders presents unique challenges.
- Further controlled studies are needed on CPAP compliance in mentally ill patients.
- Research should investigate OSA treatment impact on psychiatric symptoms and psychotropic drug effects on OSA.
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