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Feasibility Study of an Optically Actuated MR-compatible Active Needle.

Seok Chang Ryu1, Pierre Renaud2, Richard J Black3

  • 1Center for Design Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Proceedings of the ... IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
|October 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an active needle for MRI-guided procedures, utilizing shape memory alloy (SMA) for controlled bending. This innovation enhances precision in reaching small targets during percutaneous interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Devices
  • Robotics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Percutaneous procedures require precise needle navigation.
  • Tissue interaction can deflect needles, compromising accuracy.
  • Existing needles lack active steering capabilities for complex targeting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an active needle for MRI-guided percutaneous procedures.
  • To enable precise navigation and targeting of small anatomical structures.
  • To overcome needle deflection caused by tissue interactions.

Main Methods:

  • An active needle prototype was designed using a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator.
  • Internal laser heating via optical fibers was employed to actuate the SMA.
  • The active section was engineered for preferential, directional bending.
  • A 16G equivalent prototype was fabricated and tested.

Main Results:

  • The active needle prototype demonstrated significant bending capabilities.
  • A tip rotation exceeding 10° was achieved.
  • Numerical analysis and experimental data informed heating requirements.
  • The SMA material offered MR compatibility, biocompatibility, and superelasticity.

Conclusions:

  • The active needle shows promise for enhanced MRI-guided percutaneous interventions.
  • Controlled needle bending improves access to small targets.
  • The SMA-based design offers a viable solution for active needle steering.