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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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ampliPHOX Colorimetric Detection on a DNA Microarray for Influenza

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[Infrared fluorescent markers for microarray DNA analysis on biological microchip].

M A Spitsyn¹, V E Shershov¹, V E Kuznetsova¹

¹Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.

Molekuliarnaia Biologiia

|October 30, 2015

Summary

New near-infrared fluorescent dyes were synthesized for enhanced molecular genetic research. These dyes improve the reliability of breast cancer gene mutation detection using biochips.

Keywords:

IR fluorescent dyes Microarrays microarray analyzer molecular genetic analysis mutations

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Area of Science:

Molecular genetics
Biochemistry
Analytical chemistry

Context:

Biological microchips offer advanced platforms for molecular genetic research.
Detecting genetic mutations, such as in BRCA1/BRCA2 and CHECK2 genes, is crucial for breast cancer diagnostics.
Traditional fluorescent detection methods can be limited by background noise and signal interference.

Purpose:

To synthesize novel indotricarbocyanine dyes emitting in the near-infrared (IR) spectral region.
To develop and validate a biochip-based system utilizing these IR dyes for genetic mutation detection.
To enhance the informational capabilities and reliability of molecular genetic analyses.

Summary:

New indotricarbocyanine dyes fluorescing in the near-infrared (IR) region were synthesized.
A biochip-based system was developed to detect mutations in breast cancer-associated genes (BRCA1/BRCA2, CHECK2) using these IR dyes.
The fluorescent label was incorporated during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) via IR dye-labeled primers.
A dedicated IR spectral region analyzer was designed for image recording and processing.

Impact:

The developed IR dyes enable genetic analysis in the IR spectral region, reducing background fluorescence.
This leads to improved reliability and accuracy in medical diagnostic tests for breast cancer-related gene mutations.
The synthesized dyes expand the capabilities of molecular genetic research on biological microchips.