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Blepharospasm in children and adolescents.
Krista Kinard1,2, Neil R Miller3, Kathleen B Digre1,4
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) can occur in children and adolescents, though rare. This study found four pediatric cases, with symptoms persisting into adulthood.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is typically diagnosed in adults.
- BEB rarely manifests in pediatric populations, including childhood and adolescence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of BEB in pediatric patients.
- To investigate if blepharospasm occurs in children and adolescents similarly to adults.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with blepharospasm or tic disorder over 10 years.
- Confirmation of diagnosis and symptom onset before age 20 via chart review and questionnaires.
Main Results:
- Identified 26 patients with eyelid spasms before age 20; four confirmed cases of BEB.
- All confirmed pediatric BEB cases developed symptoms in adolescence or earlier.
- Symptoms persisted into adulthood, with noted improvement in severity and frequency.
Conclusions:
- BEB can develop in the first decade of life.
- Pediatric BEB presents with symptoms similar to adult cases.
- Symptoms of childhood-onset BEB can persist into adulthood.
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