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In vitro Induction of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Toward Pancreatic Lineages
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INSULIN ACTIVITY ON DENTAL PULP STEM CELL DIFFERENTIATION: AN IN VITRO STUDY.

D Lauritano1, A Avantaggiato2, V Candotto2

  • 1Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Neuroscience Center of Milan, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy.

Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents
|October 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Insulin significantly influences dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) differentiation into osteoblasts. This hormone impacts bone morphogenetic protein gene expression, offering potential for new bone tissue regeneration strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Insulin is a key hormone regulating osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
  • Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) possess self-expansion and osteogenic differentiation capabilities.
  • In vitro autologous bone tissue production using DPSCs is a promising area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate insulin's effect on DPSC differentiation into osteoblasts.
  • To determine if insulin influences bone tissue formation from DPSCs.
  • To analyze insulin's impact on specific gene expression during DPSC osteogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Dental germ pulp was harvested from healthy subjects' third molars.
  • DPSCs were isolated and cultured.
  • Cells were treated with insulin (100 ng/μl) for 24 and 48 hours.
  • Gene expression analysis (RT-qPCR) was performed to compare treated and control groups.

Main Results:

  • Insulin treatment modulated the expression of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and their receptors.
  • Significant upregulation of BMP3, BMP4, and BMPR1A observed after 24 hours.
  • BMP1 was overexpressed after 48 hours; BMP4, BMP7, BMP5, and TGFBR2 showed differential regulation.
  • Insulin demonstrated a clear influence on DPSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin plays a significant role in promoting DPSC proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts.
  • The study highlights insulin's potential to modulate key genes involved in osteogenesis.
  • Further research is warranted to explore insulin-mediated pathways for bone tissue engineering.