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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Bone disease in post-transplant patients.

Hee Jung Jeon1, Hyosang Kim, Jaeseok Yang

  • 1aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea bDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea cTransplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea *Hee Jung Jeon and Hyosang Kim contributed equally to the writing of this article.

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
|October 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Posttransplant bone disease is common in organ transplant recipients, impacting long-term outcomes. Management strategies for conditions like osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism are crucial for improving patient prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Mineral and bone disorders are prevalent in organ transplant recipients.
  • While transplantation improves mineral metabolism, outcomes are often incomplete, leading to posttransplant bone disease.
  • This condition negatively impacts long-term prognosis and increases fracture risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major posttransplant bone diseases.
  • To discuss recent advances in treatment strategies for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of posttransplant bone diseases and their management.
  • Analysis of risk factors including pretransplant bone disease and immunosuppressants.
  • Evaluation of treatment efficacy for osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism.

Main Results:

  • Corticosteroid withdrawal offers limited fracture protection and may increase rejection risk.
  • Vitamin D analogues and bisphosphonates are key treatments for posttransplant osteoporosis.
  • Posttransplant hyperparathyroidism is linked to mortality and graft loss; cinacalcet and paricalcitol show specific effects on parathyroid hormone and bone metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Posttransplant bone diseases encompass osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, adynamic bone disease, and osteonecrosis.
  • Comprehensive management considering both pretransplant and posttransplant phases is essential.
  • Prophylactic and therapeutic interventions are vital for optimizing outcomes in transplant recipients.