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Hydrodynamic optimization of membrane bioreactor by horizontal geometry modification using computational fluid

Xiaoxu Yan1, Qing Wu1, Jianyu Sun1

  • 1State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, THU-Beijing Origin Water Joint Research Center for Environmental Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Bioresource Technology
|October 30, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing membrane bioreactor (MBR) geometry, specifically baffling and tank dimensions, significantly enhances membrane surface shear stress. This hydrodynamic improvement is key to reducing membrane fouling rates in MBR systems.

Keywords:
Computational fluid dynamicsGeometry optimizationHydrodynamicsMembrane bioreactorMembrane surface shear

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Water Treatment Technologies

Background:

  • Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are crucial for wastewater treatment.
  • Membrane fouling is a major operational challenge in MBRs, impacting efficiency and cost.
  • Hydrodynamics, particularly shear stress on the membrane surface, directly influences fouling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how geometric properties of a membrane bioreactor tank affect hydrodynamics.
  • To determine the impact of specific geometric configurations on membrane surface shear stress.
  • To identify optimal MBR geometry for enhanced shear stress and reduced fouling.

Main Methods:

  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were employed to model a bench-scale MBR.
  • The study analyzed the effects of baffling (baffled vs. unbaffled MBR) on shear stress.
  • Horizontal geometric parameters, including riser length index (Lr), downcomer length index (Ld), and tank width index (Wt), were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • A baffled MBR configuration increased membrane surface shear stress by up to 74% compared to an unbaffled MBR.
  • Riser cross-flow was negatively correlated with the ratio of riser to downcomer cross-sectional area.
  • A narrower tank width was found to be preferable for increasing shear stress on the membrane surface.

Conclusions:

  • MBR geometric design, particularly the inclusion of baffles and optimized tank dimensions, significantly enhances hydrodynamic shear stress.
  • Optimized MBR designs demonstrated shear stress elevations ranging from 21.3% to 91.4% compared to unbaffled systems.
  • These findings provide a basis for designing MBRs with improved fouling resistance and operational performance.