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Plasma apolipoprotein E and severity of suicidal behaviour.

Peter Asellus1, Peter Nordström1, Anna-Lena Nordström1

  • 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, R5, Karolinska University Hospital/Solna, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|November 1, 2015
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Summary

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) levels were higher in suicide attempters with a history of attempts and childhood interpersonal violence. Higher ApoE may indicate increased severity and trauma in suicidal behavior.

Keywords:
Apolipoprotein EChildhood adversityCholesterolStressSuicide attempt

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Area of Science:

  • Neurobiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Low cholesterol is linked to suicidal behavior.
  • Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) influences cholesterol metabolism in the brain and periphery.
  • Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, implicated in suicidal behavior and early adversity, affects ApoE levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate plasma ApoE levels in relation to suicidal behavior severity.
  • To examine the association between ApoE and lifetime exposure to interpersonal violence in suicide attempters.

Main Methods:

  • 100 suicide attempters (67 women, 33 men) were enrolled.
  • Karolinska Suicide History Interview assessed suicide attempt history and age at onset.
  • Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale measured childhood interpersonal violence exposure.
  • Plasma ApoE levels were quantified using immunonephelometry.

Main Results:

  • Suicide attempters with prior attempts had significantly higher plasma ApoE than first-time attempters.
  • A higher number of previous suicide attempts correlated significantly with elevated ApoE levels.
  • Age at onset of suicidal behavior showed a significant negative correlation with ApoE.
  • ApoE positively correlated with childhood interpersonal violence in male attempters.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma ApoE may be associated with the temporal severity of suicidal behavior.
  • ApoE levels might be linked to stress, trauma, and interpersonal violence.
  • Further research into ApoE's role in the neurobiology of suicidal behavior is warranted.