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5-HTTLPR and gender differences in affective disorders: A systematic review.

F Gressier1, R Calati2, A Serretti3

  • 1INSERM UMR 1178, Univ Paris Sud, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bicêtre University Hospital, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|November 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) gene variant influences affective disorders differently in men and women. These gender-specific effects, particularly evident in adolescence, highlight the need for further research into gene-environment interactions.

Keywords:
5-HTTLPRAffective disordersAnxietyDepressionGenderSerotonin transporterStressful life events

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is frequently studied in psychiatric disorders.
  • Gender-specific effects of 5-HTTLPR on affective disorders are reported but not comprehensively reviewed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and summarize existing literature on the association between 5-HTTLPR variants and gender differences in affective disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and PsycINFO databases up to January 2015.
  • Included studies (n=78) analyzed 5-HTTLPR associations with affective spectrum disorders, considering gender.
  • Study quality was assessed using STROBE and CONSORT criteria.

Main Results:

  • 5-HTTLPR modulation of affective disorders demonstrated significant gender differences.
  • The S allele/SS genotype was linked to increased depression, anxiety, and internalizing behaviors in women.
  • In men, the S allele/SS genotype was associated with increased aggressiveness, conduct disorder, and externalizing behaviors, especially when combined with stressful life events.
  • Observed differences emerged in adolescence and diminished in the elderly, suggesting hormonal influences.

Conclusions:

  • 5-HTTLPR variants appear to modulate affective disorder features differentially based on gender.
  • The findings suggest a complex interplay between 5-HTTLPR, gender, and environmental factors in affective disorders.
  • Further research is necessary to elucidate the precise mechanisms of 5-HTTLPR×gender interactions in affective disorders.