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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

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Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
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Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

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Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
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Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with...
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Mechanisms of Membrane-bending01:15

Mechanisms of Membrane-bending

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The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by specific lipids and proteins. The membrane bending can be transient as seen in vesicles or stable for a long time as in microvilli. Cells regulate the size, location, and duration of the membrane curvature.
Membrane bending can happen due to intrinsic changes in lipid composition or extrinsic association with different proteins. The proteins involved...
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Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

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Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Cell Membrane Biophysics - Exploring Interactions and Challenges Through Experimental and Computational Approaches
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A new method for modeling rough membrane surface and calculation of interfacial interactions.

Leihong Zhao1, Meijia Zhang2, Yiming He3

  • 1College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China; Department of Materials Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, PR China.

Bioresource Technology
|November 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A new method quantifies interfacial interactions to control membrane fouling. Membrane surface roughness significantly reduces fouling by impairing energy barriers, validating the method

Keywords:
Interfacial interactionsMembrane bioreactorMembrane foulingRough surfaceXDLVO theory

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Membrane fouling necessitates effective methods to assess foulant-membrane interactions.
  • Rough membrane surfaces complicate the accurate assessment of these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel, quantitative method for assessing interfacial interactions between foulants and rough membrane surfaces.
  • To investigate the impact of membrane surface morphology on fouling phenomena in membrane bioreactors (MBRs).

Main Methods:

  • Development of a rigorous mathematical equation for modeling membrane surface morphology.
  • Integration of the surface element integration (SEI) method with the composite Simpson's approach.
  • Application of the developed method to a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system.

Main Results:

  • The new method accurately calculates interfacial interactions, with accuracy increasing with segment number.
  • Membrane surface roughness was found to significantly impair the strength of energy components and the energy barrier.
  • Calculated predictions showed good agreement with observed fouling phenomena in the MBR.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers a complete solution for quantitatively calculating interfacial interactions on rough membrane surfaces.
  • Membrane surface morphology profoundly influences membrane fouling in MBRs.
  • The developed method is feasible and effective for predicting fouling behavior.