[Treatments around surgery of prostate cancer and surgery of recurrence]

To describe neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments to surgery and the place of surgery in the recurrence after primary treatments.

Bibliography search was performed from the database Medline (National Library of Medicine, Pubmed), selected according to the scientific relevance. The research was focused on treatments before and after surgery, biological recurrence and surgery as the procedure in case of failure of other treatments of non-metastatic prostate cancer.

Main oncological objectif of surgery is to decrease positive surgical margins by good adequation between technics and tumor and patient status. Neoadjuvant treatments are today disappointing; however, adjuvant radiotherapy and hormonotherapy demonstrated their interest in case of extracapsular extension, positive margins or invasion of lymph nodes. Nevertheless, superiority of adjuvant treatment to salvage treatment is still debated. Radical prostatectomy is still the only curative treatment in case of failure of another localized treatment.

Radical prostatectomy has to be one of the main references of localized prostate cancer treatments especially in case of multimodal approach. Pathological exam of specimen and postoperative PSA value should precise the optimal management of prostate cancer.