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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Comparing the Frequency Effect Between the Lexical Decision and Naming Tasks in Chinese
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On cross-language consonant identification in second language noise.

Letizia Marchegiani1, Xenofon Fafoutis2

  • 1Language and Speech Laboratory, Faculty of Art, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
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This study investigated how non-native English speakers identify consonants in noisy environments with multiple speakers. Familiar consonants were used to understand speech perception in challenging, multilingual auditory conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory perception
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Second language acquisition

Background:

  • Everyday speech perception is significantly impacted by background noise, particularly from competing talkers.
  • Overlapping speech creates both energetic and informational masking, complicating auditory processing.
  • Language familiarity with target and masker speech influences the degree of masking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze consonant identification by non-native English speakers under varying levels of multi-talker babble noise.
  • To investigate the impact of babble-modulated noise on speech perception for non-native listeners.
  • To assess perception using consonants common to both English and the listeners' native languages.

Main Methods:

  • Consonant identification tasks were performed by non-native English speakers.
  • Stimuli included N-talker natural babble noise and babble-modulated noise.
  • The number of talkers in the babble noise was systematically varied.

Main Results:

  • Consonant identification performance was measured in different babble noise conditions.
  • The study evaluated the effects of increasing the number of talkers on masking efficacy.
  • Babble-modulated noise effects on perception were compared to natural babble.

Conclusions:

  • Findings contribute to understanding speech perception challenges for non-native speakers in complex auditory scenes.
  • Using familiar consonants isolates the effects of linguistic masking from phonetic unfamiliarity.
  • This research provides a foundation for studying first language speech perception amidst second language maskers.