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Related Experiment Video

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Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters
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Sub-micro-Newton resolution thrust balance.

G Hathaway1

  • 1Hathaway Consulting Services, King City, Ontario L7B 1K5, Canada.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 2, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel vacuum balance using jewel-pivot bearings precisely measures thrust from small satellite thrusters. This sensitive instrument enables accurate testing of micropropulsion systems for station-keeping applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Spacecraft propulsion engineering
  • Precision measurement instrumentation

Background:

  • Microsatellites require precise station-keeping.
  • Accurate measurement of small thruster performance is challenging.
  • Existing methods may lack sensitivity or introduce interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sensitive vacuum balance for measuring thrust from small satellite thrusters.
  • To enable accurate characterization of micropropulsion systems.
  • To overcome limitations of current thrust measurement techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Design based on torsion balance incorporating jewel-pivot bearings.
  • Implementation of novel tilt control for maintaining bearing axis verticality under vacuum.
  • Low moment of inertia design for high-sensitivity measurements.
  • Calibration using multiple methods, including a dielectric barrier discharge thruster.

Main Results:

  • The balance achieves high sensitivity for measuring thrust from small thrusters (approx. 0.5 kg).
  • The jewel-pivot design and tilt control ensure stable and accurate measurements under vacuum.
  • The low moment of inertia design facilitates measurement of thrust from high-voltage devices without direct electrical connections.

Conclusions:

  • The developed vacuum balance is a sensitive and reliable tool for characterizing microsatellite station-keeping thrusters.
  • The innovative design overcomes key challenges in measuring small thrust levels.
  • This instrument will aid in the development and validation of advanced micropropulsion systems.