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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Arterial structure and function in inflammatory bowel disease.

Luca Zanoli1, Stefania Rastelli1, Gaetano Inserra1

  • 1Luca Zanoli, Stefania Rastelli, Gaetano Inserra, Pietro Castellino, Department of Internal Medicine, Policlinico Universitario, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|November 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients exhibit increased cardiovascular risk despite lower traditional risk factors. Chronic inflammation in IBD may significantly impact arterial health and cardiovascular outcomes.

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnessCrohn’s diseaseInflammationPulse wave velocityTumour necrosis factor alphaUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves chronic intestinal inflammation due to genetic and environmental factors.
  • IBD patients paradoxically show increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, contradicting lower traditional risk factor prevalence.
  • Chronic low-grade inflammation in IBD may be a key driver of CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on arterial structure and function in IBD patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between IBD, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular health.
  • To explore arterial stiffness and endothelial function alterations in IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies examining arterial properties in IBD.
  • Analysis of data on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in IBD cohorts.
  • Evaluation of inflammation's impact on vascular health in IBD.

Main Results:

  • Arterial stiffness is a marker and risk factor for CVD.
  • Chronic inflammation in IBD affects arterial properties, causing endothelial dysfunction and stiffening.
  • Anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory disorders reduces arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • IBD serves as a model for understanding chronic inflammation's role in CVD.
  • Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are prevalent in IBD patients.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms linking IBD and cardiovascular risk.