Dysbiotic infection in the stomach

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Gastroenterology
• Immunology

Background:

• The human alimentary tract hosts microbiota crucial for homeostasis.
• Gut microbiota imbalances (dysbiosis) are linked to inflammatory diseases, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and atherosclerosis.
• Historically, the stomach was considered sterile, but Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) discovery altered this view.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the human gastric microbiota.
• To discuss its mutual interactions and pathogenic roles.
• To explore the impact of gastric dysbiosis on host inflammatory response, gastric pathogenesis, and oncogenic resistance.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of cross-sectional studies and existing research.
• Analysis of the role of H. pylori in gastric health and disease.
• Discussion of the concept of gastric dysbiosis.

Main Results:

• H. pylori, while pathogenic for gastritis and ulcers, may decrease the risk of immunological diseases like asthma.
• H. pylori coinfection can suppress inflammatory bowel diseases.
• Gastric dysbiosis is implicated in gastric cancer development and disruption of immunological homeostasis.

Conclusions:

• The stomach is not sterile and harbors a complex microbiota.
• Gastric dysbiosis plays a significant role in gastric pathogenesis and immune system regulation.
• Understanding gastric microbiota interactions is vital for managing gastric diseases and immune homeostasis.