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Who are the Unclaimed Dead?

Kenna Quinet1, Samuel Nunn1, Alfarena Ballew2

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Unclaimed dead individuals were disproportionately male, younger, and died from natural causes outside hospitals. Many had next of kin (NoK) who did not claim them, highlighting a gap in disposition planning.

Keywords:
coronercremationdecedent identificationforensic scienceunclaimed deadunclaimed remains

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Unclaimed dead represent deceased individuals with no next of kin (NoK) or whose NoK did not claim them.
  • Understanding the characteristics of the unclaimed dead is crucial for public health and forensic investigations.
  • Previous studies have varied in scope and geographic focus, necessitating localized data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the demographic, socioeconomic, and cause-of-death characteristics of unclaimed dead in Marion County, Indiana, from 2004-2011.
  • To compare the unclaimed dead population with the claimed dead population and overall county death patterns.
  • To identify factors associated with being unclaimed and inform potential public policy or disposition strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of death records for unclaimed individuals in Marion County, Indiana (2004-2011).
  • Data collection included race, gender, marital status, age, place of death, manner and cause of death, NoK status, and days to disposition.
  • Statistical comparisons were made between unclaimed and claimed populations, as well as against county death patterns.

Main Results:

  • Unclaimed individuals were disproportionately male, slightly more likely to be Black, and younger at death compared to the claimed population.
  • A significant portion (nearly half) of unclaimed individuals had identified NoK who did not claim the body; the other half had no identifiable NoK.
  • Unclaimed individuals were more likely to die from external causes, outside a hospital setting, and undergo autopsy.
  • Identification of unclaimed individuals often relied on methods other than fingerprints or DNA.

Conclusions:

  • The unclaimed dead population exhibits distinct characteristics, including a higher likelihood of dying from external causes and outside of hospital settings.
  • The presence of next of kin who do not claim the deceased indicates a need for improved communication and support systems for families during bereavement.
  • Findings underscore the importance of localized data for understanding and addressing the complex issue of unclaimed deaths.