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Published on: February 2, 2020
Evaluation of an Oral Health Promotion and Preventive Programme: A Case-Control Study
Insights
This study found that a long-term pediatric dental program did not effectively control childhood caries. Factors like non-participation and attending public school were linked to caries-free outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Public Health
Background:
- Oral health promotion and prevention programs are crucial for children.
- Evaluating long-term program effectiveness is essential for optimizing public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the oral health status of children enrolled in a long-term (6+ years) promotion and prevention program.
- To identify factors associated with the oral health outcomes of these child beneficiaries.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 7- to 13-year-old children from Viña del Mar, Chile.
- Data collected via clinical records; statistical analysis included chi-square, Mantel-Haenszel tests, and generalized linear models (GLM).
- Comparison between children in the program (cases) and those not previously enrolled (controls).
Main Results:
- The program did not effectively control local risk factors for dental caries.
- Factors associated with being caries-free included non-participation in the program, attending public school, and having sealed teeth.
- The program achieved equity in oral health indicators but not the levels of the non-vulnerable population.
Conclusions:
- The evaluated oral health program, despite promoting equity, failed to achieve optimal oral health outcomes comparable to the non-vulnerable population.
- Recommendations include developing more effective strategies and tools to improve caries control within the program.
- Further research into factors influencing caries development in program beneficiaries is warranted.
Purpose:
To evaluate the oral health of children who were beneficiaries of a promotion and preventive programme for more than 6 years and to estimate the factors relating to their oral condition.
Materials And Methods:
In this case-control study, the total population comprised all 7- to 13-year-old children who attended the Paediatric Dentistry Centre of Reference Simón Bolívar (CROSB), a programme for students of the community of Viña del Mar, Chile. The case group was treated from the age of 7 to 13 years and controls were only seen at the age of 13 (had not been previously enrolled in the programme). The compilation of data was carried out through examination of clinical records. Statistical analysis included Fisher's Exact Test, the chi-square and Mantel-Haenszel tests to determine odds ratios, log-linear models to study some types of relationships between the different qualitative variables and Mood's Median Test for quantitative variables. Finally, a logit-type generalised linear model (GLM) was adjusted to estimate the probability of a caries-free child according to the different variables under study.
Results:
The main finding is that this programme does not successfully control the local risk factors of caries. The factors that jointly explain the presence of caries-free children were: non-participation in the programme, attending public school and the presence of sealed teeth.
Conclusion:
Even though the evaluated programme creates equity in the indicators of oral health among its beneficiaries, it does not reach the levels of oral health of the non-vulnerable population. It is recommended that this programme seek more effective tools.
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