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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
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Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
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Author Spotlight: Exploring Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction as an Antihypertensive Drug
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Pre-hypertension: Is it an inflammatory state?

H Nandeesha1, Zachariah Bobby1, N Selvaraj2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry 605 006, India.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|November 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammation plays a role in prehypertension, a precursor to cardiovascular disease. Elevated inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein and cytokines may increase cardiovascular risk in individuals with prehypertension.

Keywords:
C-reactive proteinCardiovascular diseaseInterleukin-6PrehypertensionSialic acidTumor necrosis factor-α

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Inflammation is implicated in hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Limited research exists on inflammatory markers specifically in prehypertension.
  • Prehypertension represents an increased risk for developing full hypertension and subsequent CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of specific inflammatory markers in prehypertension.
  • To synthesize current evidence on C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and sialic acid in prehypertension.
  • To highlight the potential link between inflammation and prehypertension pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature search conducted on PubMed.
  • Search terms included: prehypertension, inflammation, C-reactive protein, cardiovascular disease, cytokines, and sialic acid.
  • Review of studies investigating inflammatory markers in prehypertensive subjects.

Main Results:

  • Several studies report elevated levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and sialic acid in prehypertension.
  • These findings suggest a significant role for inflammation in the development of prehypertension.
  • Increased inflammatory markers are associated with heightened cardiovascular disease risk in prehypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of prehypertension.
  • Elevated inflammatory markers in prehypertension indicate an increased risk for cardiovascular complications.
  • Further research is warranted to explore therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation in prehypertension.