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Pleural effusions in children from Southern Brazil
1Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre - Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|November 4, 2015
Summary
Parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) are a common complication of childhood pneumonia, usually mild. However, some cases, particularly pleural tuberculosis (TB), require further intervention.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Thoracic Medicine
Background:
- Parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) complicate 5-40% of pediatric pneumonia cases.
- Most pediatric PPE are small and resolve with antibiotics alone.
- Significant effusions, though rare, may necessitate drainage or surgery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the incidence and management of pediatric parapneumonic pleural effusions.
- To emphasize the significance of pleural tuberculosis (TB) as a cause of pediatric pleural effusions in high-incidence areas.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric patients with pleural effusions.
- Analysis of effusion characteristics, causative agents, and treatment outcomes.
- Epidemiological data on pleural TB in children.
Main Results:
- The majority of pediatric PPE are uncomplicated and managed conservatively.
- Pleural tuberculosis is a significant cause of pediatric pleural effusions in this region.
- Approximately 50 pediatric cases of pleural TB were observed over 3 years.
Conclusions:
- While most pediatric parapneumonic effusions are minor, clinicians must consider less common etiologies like tuberculosis.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for complicated effusions, especially in endemic areas.
- Increased awareness of pleural TB in children is warranted given its prevalence.
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