Study of hemostasis procedures for posterior epistaxis

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Rhinology
• Surgical Procedures

Background:

• Nasal cavity bleeding, particularly from deep posterior regions, presents significant hemostasis challenges.
• Currently, there is no universally standardized treatment method for such cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and propose effective hemostasis procedures for patients experiencing idiopathic epistaxis.
• To evaluate treatment outcomes for posterior nasal cavity bleeding extending to Kiesselbach's area.

Main Methods:

• Patients with epistaxis were evaluated using nasal speculum and endoscopic examination to pinpoint bleeding sites.
• Electrocoagulation was employed as the primary therapy for identified bleeding points.
• Gauze tamponade was used when the bleeding source remained unknown.

Main Results:

• Identifying the precise bleeding point proved difficult in most recurrent posterior epistaxis cases.
• Electrocoagulation emerged as the superior hemostasis technique.
• Targeted electrocoagulation at identified bleeding sites yielded the best outcomes.

Conclusions:

• A treatment protocol for refractory epistaxis is proposed.
• For cases with deviated nasal septum hindering identification, post-septoplasty localization is recommended.
• Endoscopic cauterization or electrocoagulation of the sphenopalatine artery is advised for bleeding in that region.