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    Area of Science:

    • Network Engineering
    • Timekeeping Systems
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Accurate time synchronization is crucial for distributed systems.
    • Network channels often exhibit significant and statistically described delay variations.
    • Existing methods struggle with unpredictable channel fluctuations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a robust method for clock synchronization over channels with variable delay.
    • To optimize the interval between time requests based on accuracy, cost, or request minimization.
    • To provide a practical clock steering algorithm considering statistical channel properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparing channel Allan deviation with local clock stability.
    • Calculating optimal request intervals based on three selectable criteria.
    • Implementing a clock steering algorithm incorporating statistical analysis and error detection.

    Main Results:

    • A method for clock synchronization resilient to statistical delay variations is demonstrated.
    • The approach allows for flexible optimization of time synchronization based on user-defined priorities.
    • An example algorithm effectively steers local clocks using Allan deviation insights.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method offers a reliable solution for clock synchronization in challenging network environments.
    • The selectable optimization criteria provide adaptability for diverse application needs.
    • The integration of Allan deviation analysis enhances the accuracy and efficiency of time synchronization.