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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
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[Active vitamin D3 analog].

Shinjiro Takata

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    Vitamin D supplementation improves muscle strength and balance, reducing fall risk in the elderly. Eldecalcitol shows greater efficacy than alfacalcidol in increasing bone density and preventing fractures in osteoporotic patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutrition and Bone Health
    • Geriatric Medicine
    • Endocrinology

    Context:

    • Vitamin D is crucial for skeletal and extraskeletal health across all age groups.
    • Vitamin D insufficiency is linked to reduced muscle strength, increased body sway, and falls in the elderly.
    • Osteoporosis treatment involves various vitamin D analogs, with specific agents used in Japan.

    Purpose:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in improving muscle strength and preventing falls in the elderly.
    • To compare the effectiveness of eldecalcitol versus alfacalcidol in treating osteoporosis.

    Summary:

    • Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is the preferred analog for daily supplementation, with its active form being 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3.
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed eldecalcitol and alfacalcidol in osteoporotic subjects.
    • Eldecalcitol demonstrated superior efficacy in enhancing bone mineral density and preventing vertebral and wrist fractures compared to alfacalcidol in patients with sufficient vitamin D levels.

    Impact:

    • Vitamin D supplementation can mitigate risks associated with insufficiency, such as falls and fractures.
    • Eldecalcitol represents a potentially more effective therapeutic option for managing osteoporosis and improving bone health outcomes.