Parosteal aneurysmal bone cyst

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, benign bone lesions with an incidence of 0.14 per 100,000 individuals.
• Parosteal aneurysmal bone cysts (PABCs) represent the least common subtype, accounting for only 7% of all ABCs.
• Accurate diagnosis is crucial as PABCs can be misdiagnosed as other bone tumors, such as giant-cell tumors.

Observation:

• A 38-year-old male presented with an eight-month history of right arm pain and swelling.
• Initial diagnosis was giant-cell tumor, but slide review confirmed PABC.
• The lesion was treated with corticosteroid and calcitonin infiltration.

Findings:

• The patient experienced significant clinical and radiological improvement within five weeks post-treatment.
• Minimally invasive treatment demonstrated efficacy in managing PABC.
• This case highlights the importance of accurate histopathological review for rare bone tumors.

Implications:

• Corticosteroid and calcitonin infiltration presents a viable, less invasive treatment option for PABC.
• Early and accurate diagnosis of PABC can prevent misdiagnosis and guide appropriate therapeutic strategies.
• Further research into minimally invasive techniques for PABC management is warranted.