Late flexion reflex in paraplegic patients. Evidence for a spinal stepping generator

We demonstrated previously that electrical stimulation of the Flexor Reflex Afferents (FRA) induces a late flexion reflex with a central conduction time longer than 100 msec. Its latency is prolonged by increasing the intensity or the duration of the stimulation. This late reflex is therefore similar to the late flexion reflex observed in acute spinal cat with DOPA. Some findings suggest that in man the late flexion reflex could be inhibited at a premotoneuronal level by contralateral FRA stimulation. In relation to the late flexion reflex, a late contralateral facilitation of soleus monosynaptic reflex (MSR) was observed. Rhythmical activity was observed in only one patient who had an exceptional form of spinal myoclonus. This myoclonus could be modulated by FRA stimulation. These facts show that the reflex organization in paraplegic patients is similar to the one described in acute spinal cat with DOPA and therefore suggest that a spinal stepping generator could exist in humans.