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A galvanic study of different amalgams.

C P Wang Chen, E H Greener

    Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Galvanic corrosion occurs between dental amalgams and gold alloys due to potential differences. This study quantifies corrosion currents and reveals higher currents when electrical contact is re-established after interruptions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Electrochemistry
    • Biomaterials Science

    Background:

    • Dental restorations, including amalgams and gold alloys, can create galvanic cells in the oral environment.
    • Differences in open circuit potential (OCP) between dissimilar dental materials drive galvanic corrosion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the galvanic corrosion behavior of Aristaloy amalgam when coupled with Dispersalloy amalgam or type III dental gold.
    • To quantify the galvanic corrosion currents and assess the passivation characteristics of these material combinations.

    Main Methods:

    • Creation of galvanic cells using Aristaloy amalgam as the anode with Dispersalloy amalgam or type III dental gold as the cathode.
    • Measurement of galvanic corrosion current as a function of time in Ringer's solution at 25°C.

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  • Simulation of oral 'make and break' conditions using interrupted galvanic corrosion tests.

    • Main Results:

    • A galvanic cell formed by Aristaloy amalgam and Dispersalloy amalgam exhibited an initial corrosion current of 54 µA.
    • A galvanic cell formed by Aristaloy amalgam and type III dental gold showed a higher initial corrosion current of 105 µA.
    • Both material pairings demonstrated similar passivation behavior, and interrupted tests revealed significantly higher corrosion currents upon re-establishing electrical contact.

    Conclusions:

    • The potential difference between Aristaloy amalgam and Dispersalloy amalgam, or type III dental gold, leads to measurable galvanic corrosion.
    • Type III dental gold coupled with Aristaloy amalgam produces a higher initial galvanic corrosion current compared to the Aristaloy-Dispersalloy amalgam couple.
    • Intermittent electrical contact in an oral environment can exacerbate galvanic corrosion beyond steady-state levels.