Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Hyperuricemia.

Area of Science:

• Nutritional Science
• Epidemiology
• Metabolic Health

Background:

• Hyperuricemia (HU) is a condition associated with gout and kidney disease.
• Dietary factors are increasingly recognized for their role in metabolic health.
• Magnesium (Mg) is an essential mineral involved in numerous biochemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the cross-sectional relationship between dietary magnesium intake and the prevalence of hyperuricemia.
• To determine if this association differs between sexes.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 5168 participants.
• Dietary intake assessed via a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.
• Hyperuricemia defined by serum uric acid levels (≥ 416 μmol/L for males, ≥ 360 μmol/L for females).
• Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were used, adjusting for confounding factors.

Main Results:

• Overall, higher dietary Mg intake showed an inverse association with HU prevalence.
• Males with higher Mg intake had significantly lower odds of HU (e.g., fifth quintile OR 0.35).
• A significant inverse association between serum uric acid and Mg intake was observed in males (β = -0.061, P = 0.002).
• No significant association was found between dietary Mg intake and HU in females.

Conclusions:

• Dietary magnesium intake is inversely associated with hyperuricemia, independent of major confounders.
• This protective association is significant in the male subgroup.
• The association between dietary Mg intake and HU was not significant in the female subgroup.