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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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White Matter Degeneration with Aging: Longitudinal Diffusion MR Imaging Analysis.

Marius de Groot1, Lotte G M Cremers1, M Arfan Ikram1

  • 1From the Departments of Radiology (M.d.G., L.G.M.C., M.A.I., G.P.K., A.v.d.L., W.J.N., M.W.V.), Medical Informatics (M.d.G., W.J.N.), Epidemiology (M.d.G., L.G.M.C., M.A.I., A.H., M.W.V.), and Neurology (M.A.I.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, Room Ca220, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (W.J.N.).

Radiology
|November 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that normal aging leads to widespread white matter deterioration, particularly in older individuals. Cardiovascular risk factors did not significantly impact these age-related microstructural changes in the brain.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Aging is associated with changes in brain microstructure.
  • Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) is a sensitive tool for assessing white matter integrity.
  • The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on age-related white matter changes requires further longitudinal investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally assess changes in DTI parameters of white matter microstructure with aging.
  • To determine if cardiovascular risk factors influence these age-related longitudinal changes.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, population-based cohort study involving 501 community-dwelling participants without dementia.
  • Participants underwent 1.5-T MRI scans approximately 2.0 years apart.
  • Analysis of normal-appearing white matter DTI characteristics using global and voxelwise multilinear regression, with cardiovascular risk factors as covariates.

Main Results:

  • Significant longitudinal decrease in global fractional anisotropy (FA) and increase in mean diffusivity (MD) over 2.0 years.
  • Widespread decrease in FA and increase in MD observed in white matter skeleton voxels.
  • White matter degeneration was more pronounced in older individuals; sensorimotor pathways showed relative sparing of FA increase.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors were generally not associated with longitudinal white matter microstructure changes.

Conclusions:

  • Longitudinal diffusion analysis reveals widespread microstructural deterioration of normal-appearing white matter during normal aging.
  • Sensorimotor fibers exhibit relative sparing from these age-related microstructural changes.
  • The findings highlight the impact of aging on white matter integrity, independent of common cardiovascular risk factors.