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Quantity quotient reporting. Comparison of various models.

Rainer Haeckel, Werner Wosniok, Theo Postma

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    Summary

    Quantity quotient (QQ) reporting aims to improve laboratory results presentation. This study compares QQ models, finding alternatives better suited for skewed data common in laboratory medicine.

    Area of Science:

    • Laboratory Medicine
    • Biostatistics
    • Medical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Current quantitative laboratory results reporting faces challenges.
    • Quantity Quotient (QQ) reporting, inspired by intelligence quotient models, has been proposed to standardize results.
    • However, the symmetrical QQ model is ill-suited for skewed data prevalent in laboratory medicine.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the performance of three models designed for non-symmetrical distributions against the traditional symmetrical QQ model.
    • To evaluate the suitability of these models for laboratory medicine data.
    • To assess the ease of implementation using common platforms like Excel.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of four QQ reporting models: one symmetrical and three designed for non-symmetrical (skewed) distributions.

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  • Analysis of how each model handles skewed data, particularly the compression of QQ values at the lower end of reference intervals.
  • Implementation feasibility using the Excel platform.

    • Main Results:

    • The symmetrical QQ model leads to compression of values at the lower end of reference intervals due to skewed data.
    • Alternative models designed for non-symmetrical distributions effectively avoid this compression.
    • The algorithms for these alternative models are easily manageable within the Excel environment.

    Conclusions:

    • Alternative QQ models are superior to the symmetrical model for laboratory medicine due to non-symmetrical data distributions.
    • These improved QQ models can prevent the compression of results at the lower end of reference intervals.
    • Graphical QQ presentations offer a rapid overview of numerous test results.