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Rumen Microorganisms Decrease Bioavailability of Inorganic Selenium Supplements.

M L Galbraith1, W R Vorachek1, C T Estill2,3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Dryden Hall 206, Corvallis, OR, 97331-4802, USA.

Biological Trace Element Research
|November 6, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organic selenomethionine (SeMet) shows higher bioavailability in livestock than inorganic selenium sources. Rumen microorganisms incorporate more SeMet and form less elemental selenium, improving selenium status in cattle and sheep.

Keywords:
Rumen microorganismsRuminantSelenium bioavailabilitySelenium supplementsSheep

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Nutrition
  • Trace Mineral Metabolism
  • Ruminant Physiology

Background:

  • Low selenium (Se) status is observed in cattle and sheep despite Se supplementation.
  • Inadequate intake or low bioavailability of inorganic Se sources may contribute to poor Se status.
  • Rumen microorganisms (RMO) play a crucial role in nutrient metabolism in ruminants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether rumen microorganisms alter the bioavailability of different selenium sources.
  • To compare the incorporation of inorganic selenium (selenite, selenate) and organic selenomethionine (SeMet) into RMO.
  • To determine the formation of elemental selenium from different Se sources by RMO.

Main Methods:

  • Rumen microorganisms were isolated from ewes and incubated ex vivo.
  • Incubations included no added Se (control), sodium selenite, sodium selenate, or selenomethionine (SeMet).
  • Total Se incorporation into RMO and elemental Se formation were quantified.

Main Results:

  • SeMet incorporation into RMO was significantly greater (13.2-fold) than inorganic Se sources.
  • No significant difference in Se incorporation was observed between sodium selenite and sodium selenate.
  • Formation of non-bioavailable elemental Se was lower for SeMet compared to inorganic Se sources.

Conclusions:

  • Rumen microorganisms enhance the bioavailability of organic SeMet compared to inorganic Se sources.
  • Greater incorporation into microbial mass and reduced elemental Se formation contribute to higher SeMet bioavailability.
  • These findings suggest organic SeMet is a more effective source for improving selenium status in ruminants.