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KAP1 Is a Host Restriction Factor That Promotes Human Adenovirus E1B-55K SUMO Modification
Carolin Bürck1, Andreas Mund2, Julia Berscheminski1
1Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany.
Journal of Virology
|November 6, 2015
Summary
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) hijack the host factor KAP1, altering its epigenetic modifications to promote viral replication. This involves deSUMOylation of KAP1 to reduce gene silencing and facilitate viral protein interactions.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epigenetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) require viral genome decondensation and transcriptional activation for replication.
- Early stages of HAdV infection involve host cell reprogramming, which is crucial for productive infection.
- KAP1, a heterochromatin-associated transcription factor, regulates host chromatin structure and epigenetic marks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel host restriction factors involved in early HAdV infection.
- To elucidate the role of KAP1 in HAdV replication and host cell modulation.
- To investigate the impact of HAdV infection on KAP1 posttranslational modifications.
Main Methods:
- Investigated KAP1's role as a restriction factor in HAdV infection.
- Analyzed KAP1's interaction with the viral E1B-55K protein.
- Examined alterations in KAP1 posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation and SUMOylation) during HAdV infection.
- Assessed the effect of KAP1 modification on chromatin structure and gene expression.
Main Results:
- KAP1 acts as a cellular restriction factor that represses HAdV infection.
- HAdV infection leads to decreased KAP1 SUMOylation, promoting chromatin decondensation.
- HAdV infection also alters KAP1 phosphorylation, impacting its antiviral function.
- KAP1 interacts with E1B-55K, promoting its SUMO modification, essential for viral replication.
Conclusions:
- HAdV manipulates KAP1's epigenetic state to facilitate viral replication.
- DeSUMOylation of KAP1 by HAdV minimizes epigenetic gene silencing.
- HAdV promotes E1B-55K SUMO modification via KAP1, a critical step for efficient viral propagation.
