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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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Long noncoding RNAs in T lymphocytes.

Thomas M Aune1, Phillip S Crooke2, Charles F Spurlock2

  • 1Departments of *Medicine and Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA tom.aune@vanderbilt.edu.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|November 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of biological complexity in vertebrates, particularly within the adaptive immune system. This review details lncRNA roles in T-lymphocyte development and function.

Keywords:
adaptive immunityepigeneticslncRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein-coding RNA molecules regulating diverse biological processes.
  • Vertebrate genomes contain numerous lncRNA genes, potentially driving biological complexity.
  • T-lymphocytes, a crucial component of the adaptive immune system, exhibit complexity linked to lncRNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of lncRNA expression during T-lymphocyte development and differentiation.
  • To highlight the mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate T-lymphocyte function.
  • To synthesize knowledge on lncRNA involvement in T-cell biology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNA expression and function in T-lymphocytes.
  • Analysis of in vitro and in vivo experimental data.
  • Synthesis of findings related to T-lymphocyte development and peripheral differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Specific lncRNAs are expressed during T-lymphocyte development in the thymus.
  • lncRNAs play regulatory roles in T-lymphocyte differentiation in the periphery.
  • Mechanisms of lncRNA action in T-cell function are being elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are integral to the regulation of T-lymphocyte biology.
  • Further research into lncRNA function will advance understanding of adaptive immunity.
  • lncRNAs represent a significant area for exploring vertebrate biological complexity.