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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Multiplex PCR testing for nine different sexually transmitted infections.

John D Kriesel1, Amiteshwar S Bhatia2, Cammie Barrus3

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, USA John.Kriesel@hsc.utah.edu.

International Journal of STD & AIDS
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Summary

This study evaluated a multiplex PCR panel for rapid sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing. The FilmArray system showed high concordance with standard methods, offering a potential improvement for point-of-care STI diagnostics.

Keywords:
FilmArraySTIdiagnostic test performancemultiplex PCRsexually transmitted diseasessexually transmitted infections

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Current sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing methods often involve delays and may miss diagnoses due to limited comprehensiveness.
  • Rapid, accurate point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are needed to improve STI management and public health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a novel multiplex PCR STI panel (FilmArray®) for the simultaneous detection of multiple common and emerging STIs.
  • To compare the FilmArray STI panel's results against standard clinical diagnostic methods across various specimen types.

Main Methods:

  • A research-use-only multiplex PCR STI panel was developed to detect Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Haemophilus ducreyi, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2.
  • Two hundred and ninety-five clinical specimens (urine, urethral/cervical, oral, rectal, ulcer swabs) were tested using the FilmArray STI panel and compared to standard diagnostic methods.
  • Standard testing included nucleic acid amplification, Gram stain, wet mount, HSV culture, and syphilis IgG, though not all were available for every organism.

Main Results:

  • The FilmArray STI panel detected C. trachomatis in 13% of samples, N. gonorrhoeae in 7%, T. vaginalis in 3%, HSV 1 in 2%, HSV 2 in 2%, U. urealyticum in 12%, M. genitalium in 3%, and T. pallidum in 4%.
  • High concordance was observed between the FilmArray panel and standard nucleic acid amplification testing: 98% for C. trachomatis and 97% for N. gonorrhoeae.
  • The panel demonstrated sensitivity in detecting multiple pathogens from various specimen types, including urine and swabs.

Conclusions:

  • Multiplex PCR STI testing, exemplified by the FilmArray system, has the potential to significantly improve public health.
  • The technology offers rapid, sensitive, and reliable results, facilitating timely diagnosis and treatment at the point-of-care or in near-patient settings.
  • This approach addresses limitations of current STI testing by providing comprehensive and efficient detection of multiple pathogens.