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Related Concept Videos

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
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Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. Stratified epithelium is named after the shape of the most apical layer of cells. Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type found in the human body. In this tissue, the apical cells are squamous, whereas the basal layer contains either columnar or cuboidal cells. The basal cells divide to form new daughter cells, which gradually become...
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Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Establishing Organoids from Human Tooth as a Powerful Tool Toward Mechanistic Research and Regenerative Therapy
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Epithelial topography for repetitive tooth formation.

Marcia Gaete1, Juan Manuel Fons2, Elena Mădălina Popa2

  • 1Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile mgaetec@med.puc.cl.

Biology Open
|November 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New teeth develop from a Sox2(+) cell population within the molar tail, which exhibits characteristics of early tooth development. This tail structure facilitates sequential molar formation through epithelial cell proliferation and migration.

Keywords:
OdontogenesisOrganogenesisSox2Sox9Successional tooth development

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Oral Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Repetitive ectodermal organs like teeth form new structures iteratively.
  • Successional molar development involves sequential tooth appearance from Sox2(+) cells.
  • The epithelial topography guiding new tooth formation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphology and developmental dynamics of the molar dental epithelium.
  • To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying sequential molar development.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo and explant studies of mouse molar development.
  • Regional lineage tracing to identify progenitor cell populations.
  • Analysis of gene expression (Sox2, Sox9, Snail2) and cell proliferation markers.

Main Results:

  • Primordia for subsequent molars are organized sequentially within the first molar's posterior tail.
  • The molar tail exhibits Sox2 expression and retains early tooth development characteristics.
  • Sox2(+) and Sox9(+) cells are actively proliferating, with Snail2 expression at the tail tip suggesting migration.

Conclusions:

  • A model is proposed where the molar tail epithelium grows via posterior cell movement, infolding, and stratification.
  • Sox2(+) and Sox9(+) cells are key components of the progenitor population driving sequential molar formation.
  • The molar tail acts as a niche for iterative tooth development.