Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

3.4K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
3.4K
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.2K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
2.2K
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

2.4K
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Consensus Statement On Immune Modulation in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Expert Group on Behalf of the Indian Academy of Neurology.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2020
Same author

Ipsilesional Mu Rhythm Desynchronization and Changes in Motor Behavior Following Post Stroke BCI Intervention for Motor Rehabilitation.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2019
Same author

Behavioral Outcomes Following Brain-Computer Interface Intervention for Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2018
Same author

Early Findings on Functional Connectivity Correlates of Behavioral Outcomes of Brain-Computer Interface Stroke Rehabilitation Using Machine Learning.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2018
Same author

Machine Learning Classification to Identify the Stage of Brain-Computer Interface Therapy for Stroke Rehabilitation Using Functional Connectivity.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2018
Same author

Intractable Vomiting and Hiccups as a Presenting Symptom of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India·2017
Same journal

Hepatitis B Infection-Associated Aortoarteritis.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same journal

Correspondence- Muscle Magnetic Resonance Imaging Phenotyping and Pattern Recognition in Genetically Confirmed Myopathies: A Large-Cohort Study from the Indian Subcontinent.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same journal

STAC3-Related Congenital Myopathy (CMYP13) in an Adult Indian Patient: Expanding the Geographic Spectrum to India.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same journal

A Prospective Study on Autonomic Functions in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: The AFIIM Study.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same journal

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings During Encephalopathic Crisis in Glutaric Aciduria Type 1: Expanding the Radiologic Phenotype.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same journal

Thyroid Function and Cognitive Health in Older Adults: Insights from the LASI-DAD Study.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

10.1K

Multiple sclerosis in India: An overview.

Bhim S Singhal1, Hemali Advani1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Marine Lines, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
|November 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis is rising in India, with clinical features mirroring Western cases. Distinguishing MS from neuromyelitis optica is crucial, and while treatments are available, high costs limit access.

Keywords:
Asian MSMS in Indiaoptico-spinal MS

More Related Videos

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

4.8K
Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
09:46

Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

Published on: September 21, 2021

5.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

10.1K
Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

4.8K
Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
09:46

Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

Published on: September 21, 2021

5.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis rates are increasing in India.
  • Increased availability of neurologists and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contribute to higher diagnosis rates.
  • Clinical presentation and disease course in Indian MS patients largely resemble those in Western populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of multiple sclerosis diagnosis and management in India.
  • To differentiate classical MS from neuromyelitis optica (NMO), previously termed optico-spinal MS.
  • To discuss the availability and accessibility of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in India.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical features and diagnostic criteria for MS and NMO.
  • Analysis of MRI findings in differentiating MS from NMO.
  • Assessment of the availability and cost of DMTs in the Indian market.

Main Results:

  • The term 'optico-spinal MS' (Asian MS) predates MRI and often misdiagnosed NMO.
  • MRI scans help differentiate classical MS from NMO, a distinct neurological disorder.
  • Several DMTs for MS are available in India, but their high cost restricts widespread use.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis differentiating MS from NMO is essential in India.
  • While MS treatments are available, cost remains a significant barrier to patient access.
  • Further research and policy interventions are needed to improve MS care in India.