Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Schemas01:42

Schemas

12.5K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
12.5K
Manipulation and Analysis01:21

Manipulation and Analysis

326
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
326
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

2.6K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
2.6K
Levels of Use of a GIS01:29

Levels of Use of a GIS

456
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
456
Selected Data About Geographic Locations01:25

Selected Data About Geographic Locations

323
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
323
Methods of Obtaining Topography01:25

Methods of Obtaining Topography

453
Topography involves measuring and mapping land elevations, natural features, and artificial structures to create accurate representations of the terrain. Topographic surveying relies on traditional and modern methods, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Traditional Surveying Methods:Transit stadia surveys and plane table surveys were widely used traditional surveying methods. These techniques relied on instruments like theodolites and stadia rods for measuring distances and angles,...
453

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stress modulates gastric interoception depending on eating traits and emotion regulation: evidence from the magic table.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

"StudiCare Mindfulness": effects of an online mindfulness-based intervention on mindfulness, stress, and interoception in university students - a randomized controlled trial.

BMC psychology·2026
Same author

Cardiac interoception in action: Modulation after a stress induction with a speech task.

Biological psychology·2026
Same author

Interoceptive accuracy and cognitive reappraisal modulate affective and physiological reactivity to social stress.

Biological psychology·2026
Same author

Stability and change of cool and hot executive functions across middle childhood and early adolescence: A person-oriented longitudinal perspective.

Developmental psychology·2025
Same author

Goal saliency and verbal information influence the imitation of movements and goals in 20-to 22-month-old toddlers.

Infant behavior & development·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.5K

Good is up-spatial metaphors in action observation.

Janna M Gottwald1, Birgit Elsner2, Olga Pollatos3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden.

Frontiers in Psychology
|November 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Spatial metaphors link physical positions to evaluations, showing observed upward actions and placements lead to more positive object ratings. Even observing actions alone influences emotional valence, supporting embodied cognition.

Keywords:
action observationaction perceptionembodied cognitionemotional valencespatial metaphors

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

16.6K
Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension
06:49

Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension

Published on: January 10, 2014

28.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 30, 2026

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.5K
Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

16.6K
Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension
06:49

Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension

Published on: January 10, 2014

28.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Embodied Cognition
  • Spatial Cognition

Background:

  • Positive concepts are metaphorically linked to physical highness, and negative concepts to lowness.
  • Prior research explored spatial metaphors using static objects or self-performed actions.
  • Embodied cognition theories suggest spatial metaphors stem from bodily experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how observing vertically-directed actions influences object evaluation.
  • To examine the combined effects of observed actions and object placement on emotional valence.
  • To extend the understanding of spatial metaphors to action observation.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments presented videos of object placements and actions.
  • Participants rated emotionally-neutral objects after observing vertical placements and/or actions.
  • Stimuli included upward, downward, and medium object positions and actions.

Main Results:

  • Observed vertical positioning systematically influenced object ratings; upward placements yielded more positive ratings than downward.
  • The "bad is down" metaphor showed stronger effects, with downward actions significantly altering ratings.
  • Observing vertical actions alone, without final object placement, also affected emotional valence ratings.

Conclusions:

  • Observed vertical actions and placements impact object evaluation, reinforcing spatial metaphor theories.
  • Action observation alone can influence emotional valence, highlighting the role of embodied perception.
  • Findings contribute to embodied cognition research by linking action observation to metaphorical understanding.