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Transcriptional Regulation of Mononuclear Phagocyte Development

Roxane Tussiwand1, Emmanuel L Gautier2

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland.

Frontiers in Immunology
|November 6, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Mononuclear phagocytes, including dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages, exhibit diverse origins and functions. This review highlights murine mononuclear phagocyte development and regulation by transcriptional factors.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Hematopoiesis

Background:

  • Mononuclear phagocytes (MP) encompass dendritic cells (DC), monocytes, and macrophages.
  • These cells display significant diversity in origin, phenotype, and function.
  • MP ontogeny varies, with distinct developmental trajectories for monocytes, DCs, and macrophages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the developmental pathways of murine mononuclear phagocytes.
  • To emphasize the role of transcriptional factors in MP development and function.
  • To identify and discuss open questions in the field of mononuclear phagocyte biology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on murine models.
  • Analysis of transcriptional factors regulating MP development.
  • Discussion of ontogeny and functional heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Monocytes and DCs are continuously replenished from bone marrow progenitors.
  • Macrophage ontogeny is organ-specific and linked to embryonic/perinatal development.
  • Functional diversity arises from tissue residence and distinct ontogenetic origins.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptional factors play a critical role in specifying MP development and function.
  • Understanding MP ontogeny is key to comprehending their functional heterogeneity.
  • Further research is needed to address remaining questions in MP biology.
Keywords:
dendritic cellsdevelopmentimmunitymacrophagestranscription factors

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