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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

37
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
37
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation01:19

Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation

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Similar to water, alcohols can add to the carbonyl carbon of the aldehydes and ketones. The addition of one molecule of alcohol to the carbonyl compound forms the hemiacetal or half acetal. As depicted below, in a hemiacetal, the carbon is directly linked to an OH and OR group.
11.1K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
257
Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis01:12

Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis

4.5K
Alcoholysis is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which an alcohol functions as a nucleophile. Acid halides react with alcohol to produce esters. The mechanism proceeds in three steps:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Histological Analyses of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Zebrafish
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Histological Analyses of Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Zebrafish

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Update on Alcoholic Hepatitis.

Natalie J Torok1,2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. njtorok@ucdavis.edu.

Biomolecules
|November 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe alcoholic hepatitis, a major cause of liver disease mortality, involves complex pathways like oxidative stress and immune dysregulation. Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing new treatments for this condition.

Keywords:
IL22TNFαalcoholic liver injuryoxidative stresssteatohepatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Alcoholic liver disease is a leading global cause of death.
  • Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe form of liver injury with high mortality rates, even with treatment.
  • Current treatment options for severe alcoholic hepatitis are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis.
  • To explore the complex pathogenesis of alcoholic hepatitis.
  • To discuss novel treatment strategies for alcoholic hepatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in alcoholic hepatitis research.
  • Analysis of pathogenic pathways including oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, and immune system dysregulation.
  • Examination of diagnostic criteria and emerging therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Pathogenesis involves oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, and immune system dysregulation.
  • Severe alcoholic hepatitis has a grim prognosis despite therapy.
  • Understanding pathophysiology is crucial for developing new treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into the complex pathogenesis of alcoholic hepatitis is essential.
  • Novel treatment strategies are needed to improve outcomes for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
  • Advances in diagnosis and understanding of disease mechanisms offer hope for improved patient care.