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Updated: Mar 30, 2026
Prediction of Red Blood Cell Antibody Significance Using the Monocyte-Macrophage Assay
Published on: February 7, 2025
Increased monocytes and bands following a red blood cell transfusion
A M Ellefson1,2, R G Locke1,2, Y Zhao3
1Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, DE, USA.
Objective:
The objective of this study is to analyze the white blood cell changes that occur after a transfusion of red blood cells in order to identify a subclinical inflammatory response in neonates.
Study Design:
Retrospective analysis of infants who received a red blood cell transfusion in an intensive care nursery. White blood cell results within 24 h pre- to 48 h post-transfusion were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's correlation and multivariable linear regression.
Result:
Monocytes (P=0.02) and bands (P=0.035) were increased post-transfusion. There were no differences in monocytes (P=0.46) or bands (P=0.56) between groups who did or did not have blood cultures obtained. There was no difference in monocytes between groups who did or did not have sepsis (P=0.88).
Conclusion:
We identified an elevation in monocytes and bands in the 48 h following a transfusion in premature infants. Our findings support a possible pro-inflammatory response related to transfusion of red blood cells.
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