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Functional Limitations and Gender Differences: Neighborhood Effects.

Maureen Wilson-Genderson1, Rachel Pruchno2

  • 1Department of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

International Journal of Aging & Human Development
|November 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neighborhood factors like fast-food restaurants and supermarkets impact older women's functional limitations more than men's. This highlights how community environment affects health, not just individual factors.

Keywords:
functional limitationsgendermultilevel structural equation modelingneighborhood

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Functional limitations are more prevalent in women than men, with unclear underlying reasons.
  • Existing research often focuses on individual risk factors, overlooking broader social and environmental influences.
  • Understanding the interplay of individual and neighborhood characteristics is crucial for addressing health disparities in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of individual and neighborhood characteristics on functional limitations in older men and women.
  • To identify specific neighborhood features associated with functional limitations in different genders.
  • To elucidate the role of the built environment in health outcomes for community-dwelling older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multilevel structural equation models.
  • Analyzed data from a random digit dial sample of 5,688 adults aged 50–74 years in New Jersey.
  • Examined associations between individual and neighborhood characteristics (e.g., fast-food restaurants, storefronts, supermarkets) and functional limitations.

Main Results:

  • Higher numbers of fast-food restaurants, storefronts, and supermarkets were linked to increased functional limitations in women.
  • For men, only the density of fast-food restaurants showed an association with functional limitations.
  • Neighborhood characteristics significantly influenced women's functional limitations, but not men's.

Conclusions:

  • Neighborhood context, beyond individual factors and poverty, is significantly associated with the functional limitations of older adults.
  • Women's functional limitations are more susceptible to multiple neighborhood environmental factors compared to men's.
  • This research underscores the importance of the built environment in promoting or hindering the health of aging populations.