Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Real Time RT-PCR

Real Time RT-PCR

Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...

Reporter Genes

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.

DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Impact of maximal overexpression of a non-toxic protein on yeast cell physiology.

eLife·2025

Same author

Radular teeth matrix protein 1 directs iron oxide deposition in chiton teeth.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025

Same author

Improving the Z3EV promoter system to create the strongest yeast promoter.

FEMS yeast research·2024

Same author

Toxicity of the model protein 3×GFP arises from degradation overload, not from aggregate formation.

Journal of cell science·2024

Same author

Protein sorting upon exit from the endoplasmic reticulum dominates Golgi biogenesis in budding yeast.

FEBS letters·2024

Same author

Demonstration of iodide-dependent UVA-triggered growth inhibition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and identification of its suppressive molecules.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

Quantitative nature of overexpression experiments.

¹Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan hisaom@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp.

Molecular Biology of the Cell

|November 7, 2015

Summary

Protein overexpression experiments have quantitative features, not just qualitative ones. Understanding these quantitative aspects and mechanisms like resource overload is key for analyzing large biological datasets.

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Systems Biology
Genomics

Background:

Overexpression experiments are often viewed as qualitative tools for protein discovery and functional studies.
Analyzing large-scale biological data requires a quantitative understanding of these experiments.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the quantitative nature of protein overexpression experiments.
To discuss mechanisms underlying growth defects caused by protein overexpression.

Main Methods:

Discussion of quantitative features of absolute and relative overexpression experiments.
Introduction of four primary mechanisms of growth defects.

Main Results:

Protein overexpression experiments possess inherent quantitative characteristics.

More Related Videos

Real-Time Quantitative Measurement of Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion Following Synthetic mRNA Transfection

Real-Time Quantitative Measurement of Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion Following Synthetic mRNA Transfection

Published on: June 23, 2023

Optimized Quantitative Assessment of Enhancer RNA Stability in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Optimized Quantitative Assessment of Enhancer RNA Stability in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: November 21, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

Real-Time Quantitative Measurement of Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion Following Synthetic mRNA Transfection

Real-Time Quantitative Measurement of Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion Following Synthetic mRNA Transfection

Published on: June 23, 2023

Optimized Quantitative Assessment of Enhancer RNA Stability in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Optimized Quantitative Assessment of Enhancer RNA Stability in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: November 21, 2025

Four key mechanisms contribute to growth defects: resource overload, stoichiometric imbalance, promiscuous interactions, and pathway modulation.

Conclusions:

Recognizing the quantitative nature of overexpression is crucial for robust association analyses.
Understanding the degree of overexpression and its associated mechanisms provides deeper biological insights.